Do You Know a Child that Does Not Want to Ride a Bike? Essay

Do you know a kid that wouldn't like to ride a bicycle? Well I don't know anybody. This implies I was a solid little youngster like other people who were happy to figure out how to ride the bike. I recollect that procedure so I think I was around five years of age. In this manner, to pick up riding a bicycle all alone without the preparation wheels was an energizing encounter. At that point I didn't consider bike mishaps at all and outcomes. At long last, when you figure out how to ride the bicycle it keeps going forever and that for what reason is so imperative to do it at youth age. I was energized when my folks got me a bicycle. This implied it was about an ideal opportunity for me to get the hang of riding a bicycle all alone. I was unable to hold up until my father put all the bicycle sorts out. I recollect how I sat on the bicycle and got so frightened â€Å"how am I going to figure out how to ride my bike?†. My father made me quiet down when he revealed to me that he is going to hold the bicycle and I will be fine. Despite the fact that, I despite everything was terrified however I confided in my father and began squeezing the pedals. Everything was working out positively so I was getting increasingly energized and captivated. Be that as it may, I disregarded my father holding the bicycle constantly. After while my father let go the bicycle and I fell obviously I cry and got enough for one day. At long last, I understand that it will be troublesome and testing to lear rinding the bicycle. Be that as it may, I despite everything believed that riding a bicycle is so much fun yet it will take a great deal of training. The following day toward the beginning of the day I was prepared to do it again obviously with assistance of my father. Thus, I experienced my father the morning. At long last, he consented to support me. This time I was riding the bicycle substantially more steady and quicker so my father was running and got drained rapidly since he didn't need me to fall once more. Along these lines, our exercise didn't keep going long however I felt sure after and for the following day I was prepared to attempt everything without anyone else. Henceforth, the following day my valuable learning was going easily. At long last, by looking forward and accelerating I was riding the bicycle all alone just because. This day bring me so much joy and new experience. Riding the bicycle it is so much fun yet some of the time mishaps occur and they hurt to such an extent. I additionally, recall my mishap and how all that occurred. I believed that I am incredible bike rider as of now and I rode the bicycle so quick. Until my mother saw me, she yell immediately â€Å"slow down† hence, I braked to hard. Along these lines, as of now my body leaped out of the bicycles directing wheel to the front. I arrived on the ground moreover I didn't move by any means. My mother was dumbfounded and in her brain thought flashed â€Å"is she is dead†. I realize that since she revealed to me later. She at long last approached get me and see whether I am fine. After the mishap I had two or three wounds however nothing broken. This was my first large mishap yet I discover that I ought not ride so quick and be cautious more when I am on the bicycle. Riding the bike is significant in light of the fact that it is acceptable exercise thus much for when the entire family can ride their own bicycle. Be that as it may, we should recollect that the most effortless path is to learn at youthful age. While we are youngsters we are overlook all the wounds so rapidly. Additionally, kids are not all that terrified and don't surrender so without any problem. Here and there regardless of whether the youngsters would prefer not to do it again it is such a great amount of simpler to persuade them with great a model or guidance. Kids will listen quicker than grown-ups and will attempt once more. These are for the most part the motivation behind why I am appreciative to my folks that I realize how to ride the bicycle as a kid. Since I figured out how to ride the bicycle as a kid I transferred to my kids. Me and my family draw benefits by riding a bicycle throughout the late spring. That for what reason is critical to become familiar with the bicycle exceptionally when we are youthful. Taking everything into account, picking up riding the bike is significant uncommonly at youthful age. Moreover, it is a major and exciting experience which one bring joy for rest of the life. Bike mishaps simply show as a thing or two how to ride all the more securely. In this manner, all the guardians should enable their youngsters to pick up riding a bicycle so a short time later they will be thankful to them for realizing how to ride the bicycle.

Ada Research Paper Free Essays

DORRIS 1 Dominique Dorris Meyers BASK Reading October 25, 2012 Americans With Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities act is a law that was made by the US congress in 1990 and marked into law by George W. Bramble on July 26, 1990. The ADA is social equality act that disallows separation on individuals with incapacities. We will compose a custom article test on Ada Research Paper or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now In 1975 the Education for All Handicapped Children Act was passed. Before this demonstration was passed just one out of five kids with inabilities went to a state funded school, as indicated by the U. S. branch of Education (L. S). There was a Civil Rights Act of 1964 made that made segregation dependent on race, religion, sex, and different attributes unlawful. The first purpose of the law was to make a social equality law for individuals with incapacities that would be changeless, would not have the option to be debilitated, and would stop all segregation. The ADA was assume to be an adaptable arrangement of laws that must be reinforced and never debilitated. Title 1. 1 of the Americans with handicaps act is business, and clarifies how individuals will not oppress qualified people with inabilities. Title I disallows businesses with at least fifteen bosses from victimizing qualified people with handicaps in a request for employment strategies, recruiting, DORRIS 2 headway, remuneration, work preparing, and different conditions and benefits of business essentially in light of the fact that they have disabilities† (K, S). Title 1. 2 of the ADA examines open elements and open transportation. It disallows se gregation by every single open element. This incorporates physical access for Accessible Design. Open substances and transportation must have available utilities for debilitated individuals. Title II applies to open transportation gave by open elements through guidelines by the U. S. Branch of transportation. Title II likewise applies to all state and neighborhood open lodging, lodging help, and lodging referrals. Title 1. 3 of the ADA forbids separation of incapacity in the exercises of spots of open settlement. This law shows that all cafés, cinemas, structures, and so forth are available for individuals with handicaps. Title III has had more impact on the lives of Americans with Disabilities than some other ADA title. People with and without inabilities ought to be open to do very similar things all through life. Title 1. 4 of the ADA is Telecommunications. â€Å"The law necessitates that all phone organizations that give phone voice transmission administrations, regardless of whether interstate or intrastate, likewise give phone hand-off administrations that permit individuals who are hearing or discourse weakened to put and get calls through gadgets to or from individuals who don't utilize such devices† (American Rehabilitation). This demonstration prompted introducing open teletypewriter machines and different TDDs. TDD’s are the media transmission gadgets for the hard of hearing. For dazzle individuals they will change every single composed content into voice messages and will change all voice chronicles into writings for the hard of hearing. DORRIS 3 The last title of the ADA is various arrangements. Title V incorporates specialized arrangements and this law applies to and individual that keeps a person from practicing their privileges. This is any type of counter including dangers, terrorizing, or obstruction isn't permitted in the event that it is planned to meddle in a negative manner. Any individual who practices their privileges under the ADA or helps another person in practicing their privileges is shielded from reprisal. Since the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 was made, there have been a great deal of changes made that have decidedly influenced individuals with incapacities. â€Å"This hotly anticipated bit of government enactment was relied upon to shield people with incapacities from separation in business openings and guarantee and access to different social institutions† (Bowman). The ADA helped individuals with incapacities land positions, make social spots and transportation available for them and even made telephone administrator frameworks to help make an interpretation of messages to hard of hearing and visually impaired individuals. The Americans With Disabilities Act caused impaired people to feel acknowledged and they were not separated any longer in things they wished to do. As opposed to the constructive results of the ADA there were likewise still defeats for individuals who had handicaps. â€Å"Pro-business traditionalist reporters referenced that the Americans With Disabilities Act was a costly migraine to millions†(Doherty 18). Due to all the progressions that must be made to make things available for individuals with incapacities it wound up being expensive for everybody. Despite the fact that the ADA was made a few instances of incapacities were not DORRIS 4 secured. A few courts even found that people with genuine conditions, for example, diabetes and disease were not secured by the ADA† (B,L). Sadly a few bars and clubs were not changed to fit the necessities of individuals with inabilities. Despite the fact that the Americans with Disabilities act had numerous positive effects, a few pe ople still incapable to do certain things. In the wake of examining about the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990, I imagine that it was a good thought to make such an astonishing demonstration. I feel as though individuals with incapacities ought to have the option to do as much as possible so as to carry on with a cheerful and ordinary life simply like every other person. Despite the fact that there are destructions of the ADA people have much more rights then they at any point had quite a long while back before the demonstration was built up. In the event that I was debilitated I would need to have the option to carry on with my life simply like each other individual, and the ADA helped individuals feel that they could. The most fascinating and best thought that the ADA had was title 1. 4 media communications. This was a stunning thought and helped both the hard of hearing and visually impaired. DORRIS 5 Work Cited Page Bowman, L. (2011). Americans with incapacities go about as corrected: Principles and practice. New Directions For Adult Continuing Education, (132), 85-95. oi:10. 1002/expert. 434 Doherty, Brian. Reason, Aug-Sep 95, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p. 18 Kopels, S. (1995). THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT: A TOOL TO COMBAT POVERTY. Diary Of Social Work Education, 31(3), 337-346. LAFEE, S. (2011). The Americans With Disabilities Act at 20. Instruct ion Digest, 76(7), 51-55. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. (main story). (1990). American Rehabilitation, 16(2), 2. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. (October 2012). Retreived October 23, 2012, from http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Americans_with_Disabilities_Act_of _1990 The most effective method to refer to Ada Research Paper, Essays

SIPA Pushing the Bounds of Mobile Technology COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

SIPA Pushing the Bounds of Mobile Technology COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The following was submitted to us for posting by the SIPA student blog, The Morningside Post. Several SIPA students recently participated in the MobileTech4SocialChange conference in New York in February, hosted by Mobile Active, an organization that promotes innovative use of mobile phones for social impact. The forum featured some of the most active minds in mobile technology and highlighted ways in which cell phones can be used, for example in aiding peacekeeping operations in conflict zones to increasing fundraising for nonprofits from among large groups of individual donors. In addition to the recent first place award presented to a team of SIPA students in USAID’s Development 2.0 Challenge, SIPA students are expanding notions of what can traditionally be accomplished through mobile technology. You can find three student perspectives on the Mobile Active event at The Morningside Post, the community blog for SIPA, or by clicking below: MobileActive: The Technology of Change Is Changing MobileActive: Nonprofit Fundraising for the 21st Century Telemedicine 2.0: Who needs Internet when you’ve got a cell phone?

Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 897 Words

A very well-known topic in today s society is marijuana also known as cannabis or weed. As a matter of fact, the big question today that many people tend to disagree on is whether or not marijuana should be legalized? Recently, all eyes have been focused on Colorado due to the fact that they became the first state in the U.S to officially pass an amendment legalizing the consumption and use of marijuana. Marijuana can be classified as a depressant and a hallucinogen. This drug has been around since ancient times, and has been traced back to 2700 BC China, the Chinese Emperor Shen Nun used cannabis as a source of medicine and also for spiritual purposes. Later in 1611, marijuana was brought over to the â€Å"new world† by new†¦show more content†¦By legalizing marijuana it can benefit the country economically. If the government put marijuana on the market then our country would gain a tremendous amount of tax money. By legalizing marijuana it would also help benefit ma ny people medically. The number one reason medical marijuana is used for is PTSD, a post-traumatic stress disorder. Many veterans tend to suffer from this disorder when they comeback from gruesome wars. Medical marijuana is also used to prevent glaucoma, which is an eye disease that damages the optic nerves and causes vision loss or blindness. â€Å"One of the most well-known medical uses of marijuana is for people going through chemotherapy. (Jennifer Welsh)† THC is short for â€Å"tetrahydrocannabidinol: the active ingredient in cannabis, giving it its narcotic and psychoactive effects (Dictionary Reference)† found in cannabis has been proven to prevent seizures. Statistics have shown when THC is consumed it begins to relax and control the brain cells excitability. THC has also been proven to slow the formation of amyloid plaques that kill brain cells causing Alzheimer s disease. THC has also been proven to help relieve pain. Since this drug helps relieve pain many p eople that suffer from multiple sclerosis and arthritis could benefit from this. The list can go on because marijuana has numerous amounts of medical purposes that can people can benefit from. Legalizing marijuana can in fact, increase the economy. For example,

Music in Twelfth Night Essay - 1321 Words

Critics call Twelfth Night one of William Shakespeare’s most poetic and musical plays. Shakespeare writes poetic lines for the major characters, Viola, Orsino, and Olivia, and gives the Fool, and other minor characters, songs to sing throughout the play. The particularly romantic lines of the play make it seem as if the characters are professional poets themselves. Shakespeare also uses the music and poetry in Twelfth Night to foreshadow what is going to happen for the rest of the performance and to reveal major themes in the play. Music and poetry become major characters in the play themselves. The opening soliloquy of Act I Scene I, given by Duke Orsino, is another perfect example of Shakespeare using music to show the upcoming†¦show more content†¦At first he pleads for the â€Å"excess of it, that, surfeiting† (I.i.2). For, music nourishes the soul; therefore he wants more of it. However, later in the soliloquy Orsino says that because of love, music  "tis not so sweet now as it is before† (8). Shakespeare is already showing how Orsino tries to force passionate love for Olivia that it is not as sweet and fulfilling as it should be if it was genuine true love. This theme goes throughout the play and even comically plays out in Olivia’s forged love for Malvolio. Any type of false love in Twelfth Night comes to a crash landing at the end. Viola also associates music with the major theme of love and connection in the scene of her first appearance in the play in Act I Scene ii. Viola’s plan is to be presented to Orsino as a eunuch. She tells the captain â€Å"For I can sing/ And speak to him in many sorts of music† (60-61). Viola recognizes that music is the food of love too, as Orsino states in his opening soliloquy. These lines also imply that Viola will try to woo Orsino with music, which the audience discovers is true in Act II Scene iv when she tells Orsino the story of about â€Å"Cesario’s sister,† although Orsino resists her at the time and continues to try to woo Olivia. The way that Orsino poetically speaks to Cesario, gives the audience a hint that Orsino is already starting to have feelings for Cesario that would develop into more if he knew that Cesario is actually Viola.Show MoreRelatedThe Function of Different Settings in A Dolls House and Twelfth Night606 Words   |  3 PagesDolls House and Twelfth Night The setting comparison and deliberation in this essay is between Henric Ibsens A Dolls House and William Shakespeares Twelfth Night. A Dolls House deals with the social life and duty, the womans proper place and role within the family and the society. Twelfth Night is about illusion, deception, disguises, madness, and the extraordinary things that love will cause us to do and to see. The plot of the Twelfth Night takes place in IllyriaRead MoreThe Limitations Of Frye s Green World 1729 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are the limitations of Frye’s ‘Green World’ model as applied to ‘Twelfth Night’ by William Shakespeare? Twelfth Night was thought to be written in 1600-1. The play – known for adhering to a genre of romantic comedy by utilising pathos combined with humour – is listed under comedies in the First Folio of 1623 with another of Shakespeare’s works As You Like It. Twelfth Night adheres to Frye’s theory to some extent. The old world, one of repression, is conveyed through the puritanical beliefs ofRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1502 Words   |  7 Pagesfollowing the dramatis personae in the text of William Shakespeare s comedy, Twelfth Night, or What You Will, is Music. The first thing that playgoers hear at the beginning is music. This music is being played for a duke, a powerful lord residing over the setting of all the characters. He is surrounded by other lords and his attendant, Curio. The duke, Orsino, cannot help but comment: If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it that, surfeiting, TheRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1130 Words   |  5 Pagesfascinating. Specifically, the love that is elucidated through the characters in Twelfth Night is passionate, but unfortunately it is not always accepted by the desired character. Viola relays Orsino’s love for Olivia with devotion and warmth but sadly, the love is still refused by Olivia (1.5.244-245). Shakespeare writes about love with such importance and ecstasy, loves presence in Shakespeare s works, highlighted in Twelfth Night is comparable to fertile tears, thunder and fire. Love is variable, it isRead MoreThe Fool Or Jester, Hired By Olivia858 Words   |  4 Pagesis well hanged in this world needs to fear no colours.† Maria also plays into the comedy of the Twelfth Night. Maria and Feste are like a comedy duo participating in quick, witty, and comedic exchanges. A theme throughout many of Shakespeare’s works, is disguise. His characters seem to love to disguise themselves. It turns to be quite important, especially in his comedies. In the Twelfth Night, it seems to be quite ironic. Feste dresses as a wise man. He is trying to be comedic, even thoughRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s The Twelfth Night 1246 Words   |  5 PagesCharles 1 Bradley Charles Professor Eddie Coleman English 100 14 November 2016 Writing Devices in Shakespeare s The Twelfth Night William Shakespeare is one of the most well-known writers of all-time. William Shakespeare was born in the United Kingdom in April of 1564, to a family who was neither noble or wealthy (http://www.shakespeareinamericancommunities.org). He attended the local grammar school, where he was taught Greek mythology, Roman comedy, history, grammar, and Latin. He didRead MoreWhat Is Love?1080 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the predominant themes in William Shakespeare’s play Twelfth Night is love. The notion of love is important to the plot as many of the characters are driven by love. There are multiple forms of love depicted throughout the play; each character represents a different type of love. Viola displays a patient, sincere, and enduring love for Orsion as well as a deep familial love for her brother. Sebastian and Antonio share a special bond which could be classified as brotherly love. These two bondsRead MoreThe Role of the Fool in Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare Essay7 52 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of the Fool in Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare In English Literature, a fool is a person professionally counterfeits folly for the entertainment of others. They are always regarded as comic figures, which provide mediation under tensional circumstances. As Twelfth Night is an atypical romantic comedy, the jester is not the only fool who is subject to foolery, many other characters are subject to foolery by their silly acts as well. There are two types of foolRead More A Comparison of Romantic Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream, The Tempest, and Twelfth Night1505 Words   |  7 PagesRomantic Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream, The Tempest, and Twelfth Night In all of Shakespeares plays, there is a definitive style present, a style he perfected. From his very first play (The Comedy of Errors) to his very last (The Tempest), he uses unique symbolism and descriptive poetry to express and explain the actions and events he writes about. Twelfth Night, The Tempest and A Midsummer Nights Dream are all tragicomedies that epitomise the best use of the themes and ideologyRead MoreThe Twelfth Night - Development of Themes889 Words   |  4 Pagessuch as Ben Jonson. Shakespeare wrote the critically acclaimed Twelfth Night in 1601 during the middle of his career. This play incorporates illusion, deception, disguises, madness and shows the extraordinary things that love with cause us to do. Shakespeare cleverly develops the theme of ‘love as a cause of suffering’ through language techniques, motifs such as Madness and disguise and through the idea of superficial love. Twelfth Night is classified as a romantic comedy as romantic love is a key

Leadership Styles Of A Leadership - 1685 Words

Leadership involves the capacity to lead, influence, and motivate followers to accomplish goals effectively. This literature review will discuss the various leadership styles and linkage between the followers. The leadership styles of transformational, charismatic, servant, leader-member-exchange theory leaders share a common interest the follower. The servant leader serves others before self. The transformational leader inspires and charismatic leader charms the followers. A leader common goal is his or her role to the follower. Methodology of Review The research studies chosen for this literature review focused on leadership styles of prison wardens, effective leaders in private sectors, and professionals in an a university†¦show more content†¦Three studies were quantitative methods, comprised of Likert style questionnaires. Surveys or questionnaire were sent to sample study participants by work email, personal email or sent by regular mail. Two of the studies include telephone or face to face interviews as data collection. One study researched scholarly articles online university library. Data Collection Instrument Parris and Peachey (2012) article A Systematic Literature Review of Servant Leadership examines an initial system literature review (SLR) methodology actively practiced in the medical sciences is in contrast to traditional literature reviews. Parris and Peachey introduction of conducting a (SLR) in a management discipline with goals to advance the servant leadership theory while identifying and synthesizing through researching empirical studies of servant leadership theory (2012, pp.378-379). At the same time author George Sparks’ framework for the histrionics of charismatic leadership is qualitative in nature. Sparks (2014) article examines the intentional techniques and theatrics employed by charismatic leaders to captivate and reach a target audience on an effective and personal level (p. 6. Para. 2). In contrast to charismatic leadership studies of Vinod Sudhaker (2013) article Servant Leadership: A unique art of leadership, data collection methods explore writings of s cholars such as Greenleaf, Burns, Bass, and biblical scriptures mentioning Jesus Christ.Show MoreRelatedLeadership Styles : Leadership Style780 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Leadership style is designed according to a pioneer s behaviors, which is enveloped under behaviorist theory. Inside of this class, distinctive examples of leadership behavior are watched and classified as leadership styles. Practicing managers have a tendency to be the most keen on looking into this specific theory in light of the fact that with it leaders can modify their style taking into account the convictions, values, inclinations and society of the association they work for.Read MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Style1026 Words   |  5 PagesThe fourth subject is the leadership style. As of right now the company is an autocratic style. This means that there is less communication involved. â€Å"In an autocratic leadership style, the person in charge has total authority and control over decision making.† (Leadership Toolbox) The leadership style mainly effects the employees. The reason for this is because with an autocratic leadership, there is less communication. The employees have opinions in the business and they want to share thoseRead MoreLeadership Styles Of Leadership Style1399 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is leadership? Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines leadership as â€Å"the power or ability to lead other people†. Although this is simply put, it is also correct. But leadership is much more than the ability to lead. The ability is one piece of the puzzle. Other pieces to consider in leadership are education, attributes, and style, just to name a few. In this assignment, I will focus on leadership style. Specifically, I will discuss my style according to the assessment developed byRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles897 Words   |  4 PagesThe last style of leadership is delegative leadership in which the leader delegates tasks to the employees. This leader is abl e to derive satisfaction from allowing the staff to participate in decision making responsibilities (Brody and Nair, 2014, p. 4). These leadership styles are not set in stone and characteristics may overlap into other leaderships styles. The leadership style that would best suit a rural area is participate leadership style. 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The shifting internal elements and increasing external competitions have posed growing demanding to managers’ leadership approaches. However, managers are provided with various personalities or perspectives, accordingly, managers are not accomplishing their aims by using similar styles. The leadership styleRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style995 Words   |  4 PagesLeaders are expected to use a leadership style, communication skills, and their knowledge of interpersonal and team dynamics to create an appropriate quality of work life for their followers in the workplace. A leadership style is a combination of a leader’s attitude, expertise, character, and values that is exhibited in the leader’s behavior. Each style of leadership reflects a leader’s beliefs about a follower’s capabilities. A follower’s perception of leadership style really matters to them, as theyRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles934 Words   |  4 PagesThere is much that is written about leadership; like books on leadership styles, techniques and also biographies of leaders that have inspired people to action. While this is true, there is the everyday leadership and a slightly different outlook to leadership as well. Here are a few of them. 1. There Are Different Kinds of Leaders Among leaders are formal and informal leaders. Formal leaders are elected to their positions like congressmen, senators and office bearers of clubs. Informal leadersRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style979 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own leadership style. In her article, Johnson (n.d.) discusses five leadership styles: Laissez-Faire, autocratic, transactional, transformational and participative. Laissez-Faire has a French origin and it means â€Å"a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering† (Oxford dictionaries, 2016). When leaders take total control, such as making all decisions alone and does not ask for the input of the employees, they are using the autocratic leadership style. ThisRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesprobably feel as if they know enough about leadership to speak on the subject. In many cases, however, this is not truly the case at all. Leadership is a broad concept , and there are several different styles and approaches to consider when studying the topic. It is important to consider these styles and approaches when evaluating the effectiveness, or lack thereof, of any particular form of leadership. With that in mind, this essay will consider the leadership styles of two leaders who are involved in the

Literature Review and Discussion of Importance in the Research Process

Task-1: undertake a review of existing literature and research undertaken in the "field (the topic)" you selected to make a research design proposal. Task-2: a.explain the importance of review literature and existing research in the research process. literature review and justify your conclusions. b.describe and evaluate the main sources of information for a literature review and justify your conclusions. Introduction This essay is all about performing an analysis of the existing literature with regard to the management of cross cultural environment by businesses in international markets. The topic as considered for analysing the existing literature is mainly the influence of cross cultural environment in managing the business operational across international markets. As a result, the analysis in particular is focused towards the findings as indicated by scholars in the past researches done by them on the similar topic of managing cross cultural environment across international boundaries. This essay in particular performs a critical assessment of the existing literature and also analyses the different major findings that have been indicated within it. The importance of reviewing the literature will also be evaluated as a part of performing the analysis in this essay. Literature Review on Managing Cross Cultural Environment in International Markets An analysis of the existing literature indicates that there has been extensive level of studies that have focused towards this particular aspect of managing cross cultural environment especially in the context of international boundaries. There is a need for adequate level of consideration that needs to be made especially in respect to cultural factor while performing the expansion into international markets. As for instance, a study as carried out by Johnson, Lenartoeicz and Apud (2006) indicates that there are higher chances of failure of companies especially in respect to international markets and this is mainly because of lack of their adequate level of consideration with respect to the cultural differences that prevails across international markets. There is lower overall knowledge of businesses with respect to the cultural conditions that is prevalent across international markets and this creates difficulties to them in performing the management of their business activities in a highly efficient manner. Their non consideration of such cultural differences often creates problems to the successful management of their business activities and the resulting impact is therefore the failure as faced by them in such international markets (Johnson, Lenartowicz and Apud, 2006). As per the study as carried out by Shenkar (2001) it has been identified that cultural distance has been widely used construct especially in respect to performing the management of international business. The application of cultural differentiating factor is noted especially in respect to situations when businesses considers the performance of international entry of their business into foreign markets, foreign investment expansion and also at times which involves the performance of foreign invested affiliated among others. Cultural differences are important especially in situations when the businesses consider the selection of a different working environment conditions apart from their home country. As a result, in ensuring the attainment of success especially in respect to such foreign markets, it is essential that cultural differences should be studied properly before making any initiatives by businesses in such cross cultural market. The non consideration of cultural differences b y reputed businesses in the international markets has affected their overall performance levels in a negative manner. According to Long (2004), the impact of not paying adequate level of attention over the cross cultural factor has affected many such reputed organisations in a negative manner. As for example, the case analysis of Coca Cola has been presented which indicated that the company has also failed to consider such cross cultural values as prevalent across different markets, and it has adversely affected its performance. As for instance, while undertaking the marketing practices in Asian markets, Coca Cola has utilised a slogan known as Coke Adds Life and this has resulted into a different interpretation by the Asian people. They have considered this add as consumption of Coke brings people from the dead condition. This has therefore severely affected the performance of the company in an adverse manner across such Asian markets. Similarly, Ivancevich (2008) has indicated that Coca Cola also failed to realise the importance of cultural differences across Chinese markets and this has created a dverse consequences in its performance levels across such Chinese markets. The advertising strategy that has been considered by Coca Cola in the market of China indicates the meaning similar to bite the wax tadpole or female horse stuffed with wax. The marketing strategy as considered by Coca Cola in Dutch market is identified as Refresh Yourself, but it has been interpreted as wash your hands with Coca Cola. This signifies that the non consideration of cultural differences in international markets would not only affect the performance of the company adversely, but it would affect its brand image and reputation as well (Ivancevich, 2008). As the analysis above has indicated the need for performing the management of cross cultural environment in the international context, its management has been difficult task and requires the consideration of adequate level of strategies in efficiently dealing with it. The existing literature indicates about large number of strategies that could be considered by businesses in performing the management of cross cultural environment in a positive manner. As indicated by Reuvid (2010), there can be the application of cross cultural training that could be performed by businesses with a view to ensure the enhancement of skills and abilities of their employees across international business. This would allow them in efficiently devising strategies based on the need and requirements of such external environment conditions. Apart from this, there could be the consideration of specialised expatriate manager that has adequate knowledge of managing business practices in different cultural conditi ons so that he can provide adequate level of guidance and training to ensure the efficient management of business practices across international boundaries (Reuvid, 2010). The management can also consider for additional strategy of employing locally expertise people in performing the management of business practices and activities across international markets. According to a study as performed by Waxin and Panaccio (2005), it is mainly focused towards analysing the role of cross cultural training in facilitating expatriate adjustment, and the performance of study indicates that cross cultural training to expatriates is an important way in accelerating the adjustment capabilities of expatriates especially in respect to international business environment. The findings as achieved from the performance of this study imply that the expatriate managers ability in taking international assignment increases significantly from cross cultural training. This requirement for cross cultural training is higher in respect to expatriates having little or no experience in dealing with international assignment (Waxin and Panaccio, 2005). As per a study as carried out by Javalgi and Joseph (2007), it has been assessed that the organisation that have pursued global expansion strategies should consider the development of marketing strategies that best suits the needs and expectation of customers across international boundaries. The markets across international boundaries are completely different and as a result, it is essential that there should be modifications that should be carried out with respect to the marketing strategies by organisations pursuing international expansion. This is therefore an important strategy in performing the management of international business in a positive way (Javalgi and Joseph, 2009). Overall, the analysis above has indicated that the cultural conditions need to be efficiently managed across international boundaries in order to achieve higher level of success, and its efficient management can be ensured by way of considering a range of strategies aimed at achieving higher level of cross cultural compatibility. Importance of Reviewing Literature and Existing Research Literature review or the review of literature is extremely important especially in respect to research work. Review of literature is defined as performing a critical assessment of the existing literature that comprises of studies of scholars in the past. The role and importance of literature review is significant because it is the most important way of gaining knowledge about the topic under discussion. The literature search is mainly concerned with reviewing the findings that are conducted in respect to the similar topic that has been studied by the researcher. This practice is carried out with a view to gain basic knowledge about the research topic under analysis so that the basis knowledge as gained about the topic could assist the researcher in carrying out their own researches in a highly efficient manner. Thus, the main importance of reviewing the literature is that it helps in identifying basic knowledge about the topic under discussion. Apart from the above, there is also the relevance of performing the review of literature in the sense that it allows for identification of areas that are lacking adequate details and as such, new researches can be carried out in the fill up the identified gaps within such literature. This indicates that the role of literature review is significantly important from the point of view of overall academic contributions. In respect to the given research on the management of cultural environment in international markets, the role of literature search would be significant from the point of view of contribution towards performing this research in a highly efficient manner. This would primarily help in the form of reviewing the findings of the past researchers towards performing this research on identification of the ways in which cross cultural management can be ensured in an efficient manner. Although, the literature review is identified as highly significant, yet an important factor that must be considered for the purpose of performing the literature search is mainly the sources that should be utilised in this respect. The sources of literature review are most crucial and as such they should be accurate and authentic. In respect to this particular research on examining the management of cross cultural conditions across international markets, the sources that would highly be considered for the purpose of reviewing literature are academic scholarly articles, academic books and academic online sources. The researches of past scholars including the academic books and the articles on cross cultural management that has sufficient level of authenticity would be considered as important sources in performing this research on cross cultural management. These sources in performing the literature search are considered as highly important from the point of view of achieving the desir ed aims and objectives as considered in this research. Conclusion This essay involved the performance of critical analysis with respect to the management of cross cultural environment in respect to international markets and the performance of analysis indicated significant level of findings from it. On the basis of analysis, it has been evaluated that there has been higher rates of failure of businesses across international markets mainly because of their inadequate consideration of cultural conditions. As a result, the analysis of literature search has indicated that there is a need to consider cross cultural conditions across international markets in ensuring the proper management of businesses in a highly efficient manner. The analysis of the literature has also indicated that there is a need to consider different important strategies in managing culturally diverse conditions efficiently and some of these strategies as identified as cross cultural training to expatriates, hiring highly efficient and local people in managing organisations operati ons in a highly efficient manner. The analysis has also indicated about the importance of performing literature search and it is assessed that the literature search is likely to contribute in an efficient way towards ensuring the basic understanding of the topic under study and it also explains about the gaps in the existing literature that need to be addressed. This signifies that the role of literature search is highly important and in respect to the given research on managing cross cultural environment conditions, literature search technique can be utilised positively in attaining research goals. References Ivancevich, (2008), Orgn Behavior And Mgmt (Sie) 7E, Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Johnson, J.P., Lenartowicz, T. and Apud, S. (2006), Cross-cultural competence in international business: toward a definition and a model, Journal of Business Studies, Vol. 37, pp. 525-543. Javalgi, R. and Joseph, W., 2009, Cross-cultural marketing strategies for delivering knowledge-based services in a borderless world: the case of management education, Journal of Services Marketing, Vol 23/6, pp. 371-384. Long, C.H. (2004), Religion and Global Culture: New Terrain in the Study of Religion, Lexington Books. Reuvid, J. 2010, Business Insights: China: Practical Advice on Operational Strategy and Risk Management, 2nd ed., Kogan Page Publishers. Shenkar, O. (2001), Cultural Distance Revisited: Towards a More Rigorous Conceptualisation and Measurement of Cultural Differences, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 32 (3), pp. 519-535. Waxin, M. and Panaccio, A. 2005, Cross-cultural training to facilitate expatriate adjustment: ot works! Personnel Review, Vol. 34 (1), pp. 51-67.